Leadership Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Leadership - Case Study practicend avoidance/passive styles) and different features of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, diminishment of personal accomplishment) were made by authors. Out of these five hypotheses completely two were fully supported the one - about positive association among passive lead style and both depersonalization and emotional exhaustion the second about positive correlation between transformational leadership and personal accomplishment.The highest achievement of the authors and therefore the best feature of the expression is the fact that the article provides a thorough literary productions review. A lot of sources providing research on the different styles of management as sanitary as the research on different features and reasons of burnout were analyzed. The analysis of correlations between leadership styles and burnout which already exists in the literature is also presented by the authors of the article.However, the empirical rese arches as well as the conclusions made in the article comprise certain limitations. First of all, taking into account the fact that out of five hypotheses made by the authors of the article only two were fully support with the data, their conclusions about the connections between styles of leadership and burnout as a hearty seem somehow overgeneralized. Those hypotheses which were fully supported with the data present just one side of the burnout. besides that, there are limitations connected with the sample which is used for the research. notwithstanding though the authors of the article argue that the repartee rate of 26.2 percent is normal for this area of research as it involves sensitive issues, it is still very down(p) and as we dont know anything about the remaining 73.8 percent of the planned sample, the results of the research whitethorn be seriously biased. Such a small number of answers (131) provides doubts about the credibility of research results.Even though the s tudy contains certain limitations, especially from the methodological

Equipment Specification Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Equipment Specification - Assignment ExampleThis large capacity unit is ideal for unalterable drying, curing and baking during high-volume food processing. Electrical specifications of the oven shall be 220Volts, 50/60 Hertz and 16.5 Amps and the oven has a 24-month warranty. encrypt Set post mode on the controller by pressing UP or apparel ashore arrow pads one time. Digital demonstrate will start to blink, enlistmenting from bright to dim. The current set point is showed by the digital display while blinking. set up the Set point using UP and DOWN arrow keys. Make sure the High Limit control is turned to maximum spatial relation until the oven has stabilized the required Set temperature. Oven shall need around 24 hrs to get stabilized into the set point temperatureKeep a certified reference thermometer inside the oven chamber or through the access thermionic vacuum tube at top left. Make sure thermostat is not in contact with the shelves. Check temperature in every hour u ntil the reading is not changing anymore and compare the reading of the digital display with that of the reference thermometer. If there is a considerable difference between the two readings, put the display into normalisation mode by pressing both UP and DOWN arrow keys simultaneously until the display starts to flash. Adjust the temperature using the UP and DOWN arrow keys while flashing. Allow the oven temperature to stabilize and recalibrate if necessary.When the oven is stable at the desire set point (see 3 and 4 above), turn the Safety Thermostat counterclockwise till the OTP light source turns ON and then turn the Safety Thermostat clockwise just until the OTP light turns OFF. Next, turn the thermostat clockwise two smallest divisions of the scale past the point where the lights went out to set the Safety Thermostat at a temperature approximately 100C above Main Temperature Set Point.Ten minute function stir up RESET pad. Blinking decimal

Environmental and Access Issues in Outdoor Adventure Essay

Environmental and Access Issues in Outdoor Adventure - Essay ExampleHuman care in nature, as recorded back in history, helped in discovering many wonderful facts. We have notice many natural processes which we were unaware of in the past. Yet a lot has to be discovered. Researchers gave their valuable cadence and lives for the sake of the facts about nature. They tried harder and harder to be as c overleap to the nature as they can. And they are observably successful. They provided us with the knowledge of environmental change. They gave us information about the unpredictable weather changes and tried to compute this and many other issues homogeneous to measure the intensity of natural disasters etc. The questions arise, how did they find out much(prenominal) problems What made them think about these problems Did they find any solution What problems did they face while researchingA individual who asks these questions is a researcher. The curiosity to find out the answers led them to eradicate the hurdles in their way. They had an aim to dumbfound up with something new, some new ideas, information, data or discovery.There are many environmental issues to be solved and to protect the natural resources in the world as these natural resources after a condemnation will vanish from the world. ... Many people endanger their lives due to lack of knowledge and proper guidance. We lose many priceless lives due to these issues. Due to inferior facilities mountain climbers are not able to assist the opportunity to climb on the mountains. The adventure lovers are crazy about the mountain climbing. Due to insufficient sources and guidance, they legal injury themselves and also develop a fear among other students and tourists.In the under developing countries like Pakistan, Ukraine Afghanistan etc mountains are not preserved properly. This is a major factor that should be reviewed as the tourists who come to regard these places can give harm to these places. The forts in these countries are not conserved appropriately. No authority is acquirable to protect them from the people and weather changes. No material is available to make them strong enough to prevail the weather dangers. In these countries, there is also a great threat posed to the wild smell as even now the hunters may come and hunt animals. This is causing a great harm to the wildlife. Laws must be passed and followed to avoid these threats. The weather of many untouched places is not bearable for human. This is being the front of many natural secrets unrevealed. Global warming leads to many problems. Due to the pollution in the society this is fit an alarming problem which needs to be solved. In winters the weather of a certain place rises to such a level that the tourists can face laboriousies. In summer, the weather of certain places gets too warm that it becomes difficult for them to stool the camp everyday. No proper shelter is available for the people visiting those places. Once they reach the place, it becomes difficult for them

Designs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Designs - Essay ExampleGiles Colborne uses the design of small and commonly used gizmos to explain how informality smoke be used in the design. The theoretical account of the bicycle design seemed exciting to me. At first, I belief that any new design of a bicycle, whether simple or complex, should include the gearing system Giles challenged me when he said that a design of a bicycle can be made simple by removing the gearing system and the front wheel. My excitement was lowered when he said that the design might be simple to the one designing bicycle but complex and difficult to the one using it (Colborne, 2010). His example of design made me learn that I should consider the user anytime I choose to use simplicity in any design. In his explanation on how to use the simplicity he employs quadruple designs of a remote control these four designs make use of organizing, removing, hiding or displacing strategy. Looking at the four designs, I was fascinated by designs which used or ganizing, removing and displacing strategies. The organizing strategy is a strategy everyone employs at least erst a day we use it every day to make what we have us adequate, therefore, this strategy is familiar to everyone. The strategy of organizing does not direct extra costs because it uses what is already available (Colborne, 2010) therefore, it is low on costs. In addition, since the components of the gadget have only been rearranged, the user will not have difficulties adjusting to the new design he or she will only need to master the new positions of the components which are placed in positions that are at rest to the user. The design that uses the strategy of removing is to a fault interesting, there are some things which might not be reusable to the user and just as we get rid of things we do not need from our houses, we can also get rid of the components that are no longer useful in a gadget. This design is ambitious because of its counterintuitive nature (Colborne, 2010). However, it is quite effective in terms of cost as it does not have a bun in the oven extra materials. This design works with different applications it has been used in designing of products, websites, as well as mobile applications. This design is also user-friendly the user is not going to have too umteen components on the gadget, which are not important for the use of the gadget. The design that uses displacing is intriguing the user does not need to operate all the components using the remote control, some components can be displaced from the remote control to the telly screen (Colborne, 2010). With this design, the user has a remote control that is more easy to use because most clock the user will be scrolling down the transportation and stop worrying of what each button on the remote control means. I realized that this design has been applied in designing the radio record alternater the button for selecting whether to play music using CD, FM radio, AUX or USB is only one, and the user scrolls down the menu on the screen to find his or her choice at the moment. This design makes the user feel as part of the system, and this helps him or her to know the operation of the system, and gives the user satisfaction while operating the gadget. Question 2 Isaacson in his book titled as Steve Jobs presents the biography of a computer revolutionist Steve Jobs. Steve Jobs life business relationship is like a summary of good designs in the digital world it describes the designs pioneered by Steve Jobs and their success, which led to the change of peoples lives and the way they do things. Through Apple, a company he headed, he was able to come up with designs such as Macintosh operating software, ipad, iPod, and iphone with these designs the world was able to do things in a different way (Isaackson, 2011). Among his designs, iPad, iPod

Organisational Deveplopment and Human Resource Development Essay

Organisational Deveplopment and Human Resource Development - Essay vitriner from away(p) the placement should be weighed before such a decision is made and if the composition is stable enough, then there is really no need for not picking a attracter from at bottom its ranks. In this paper, we shall analyze the advantages of getting the leader of an organisation from outside the organization, and those of getting one from within the ranks of the organization.There are many reasons why the modernistic leader of the organization terminate be brought from outside the organization. One of this is the fact that this will be a new face for the organization in particular, during the time when the organization is going through some tough times (Bohn and Grafton, 2002). Not only will this newcomer exalt confidence among the employees of the organization probably more than the previous leadership, but this new leader will in addition bring about a sense of renewal within the organiz ation. This sense of renewal will fancy that all those who work within the organization are inspired to work even harder so that its goals can be achieved.A leader from outside the organization will most likely bring new ideas with him and these ideas will be found to be useful within it. These new ideas might be use to compete break away with other organizations with similar objectives and in fact, they may even make it do better than the others may. The experience, which this leader will bring with him from working in other organizations, will be invaluable especially when it comes to predicting how the competition is going to respond to a move from the organization (Avolio, Zhu, Koh and Bhatia, 2004). Not only will the organization be able to preempt any action from its competitors that may hurt it in the market, it will as well as be able to counter these actions with even better ones and this will ensure its continued dominance in the market. The external leader will have to work very hard to prove that he is the obligation person for the job and this will ensure that there is more productivity,

FIFA World Cup Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

FIFA World shape - Essay ExampleThe global supervision proboscis chose Uruguay as the horde state for celebrating the FIFA competition for men. However, it is only the year 1942 and 1946 whereby the FIFA was not held because of the WWII. Although Sir Thomas Trophy is at times recognized as the First World Trophy the 1930 World cupful is one of the aware football competition recognized as the First World Cup. The earlier host countries for FIFA World Cup were given to those countries that figured in the FIFA congress, but choosing the location had disruptive issues. Although the low international football team was vie first-class honours degree in the year 1872, in Glasgow, Jules Rimet came with the ideas of FIFA World Cup in 1928 hence marked the first written international football tournament.The historical put upground for World Cup can be traced back in 1928 when Jules Rimet, the president of FIFA decided to establish the global football competition for men. Although the first international football team was played first in the year 1872, in Glasgow, Jules Rimet came with the ideas of FIFA World Cup, hence marked the first written international football match (FIFA World Cup, 2013). The first FIFA began in Uruguay, which was chosen as the host nation thus, the final competition of only thirteen teams played for the final World Cup. The world Cup has qualified effectively since the first edition of the international football events. This international football team has importantly attracted many nations thus, there are currently 32 teams in the final tournament. These squads have proceeded by a two-year qualifying method that involves almost 200 teams from across the globe.Scotland and England became the earliest national football teams to participate in the worldwide football tournament that occurred in Glasgow, in the year 1872. However, the events rarely took place removed the Great Britain during this period. The

Assigment for Strategic management accounting Essay

Assigment for Strategic management accounting - Essay ExampleThe business functions indoors Pear Ltds value chain encompass aspects such as research and development, design of products, services, and processes, production, marketing, distribution, and node service. As such, cost management is critical component to the companys operation in desegregation and coordinating activities in all spheres of business function. Alternative Methods of Budgeting The traditional budgeting employs the incremental show up whereby the previous divisions budget is used a basis, subsequent to adjustments up and down, from that budget to mirror the changing assumptions for a new year. This incorporates employing the previous years budget, adjusted to accommodate known factors such as expect price inflation. Although, incremental budgets are crucial for planning, they may be less useful for control. The incremental approach to budgeting has the effect of incorporating last years inefficiencies into the present budget (Bhimani and Bromwich, 2010). This necessitates the consideration of alternative methods of budgeting. Zero base Budgeting Zero-based budgeting avails a better approach to dealing with the drawbacks associated with incremental budgeting. Unlike in incremental budgeting, zero-based approach does non necessarily start from the previous years budget level instead, the existing operations outride evaluated and continuance of the operation or activity ought to be justified based on its utility and its bespeak to the company (Bhattacharyya, 2011). Every plan in this case remain justified as per the tote up cost, and the total benefits and past performance are not in any way referred as a twist block. Zero-based budgeting approach avails some distinctive advantages compared to traditional incremental budgeting such as it allocates financial resources based on planning requirements and results and, in establish to attain efficiency, zero-based approach encourages m anagers to search for alternative operation plans. However, the process lav consume a lot of managerial time and may appear to be too drastic a solution for the task at hand. Moreover, short-term benefits may take precedence and obscure semipermanent planning and there may be annual conflicts over budget allocation (Bhattacharyya, 2011). In order to circumvent these drawbacks, especially concerning the managerial time required, one alternative may be to conduct a rolling budget every year and carry out zero-based budgeting perhaps three to five years, or in cases where a considerable modification that occurs within operations. This compromise may aid weeding out chase away and inefficiency, especially within a period of intense competition and reengineering that is characteristic of the mobile phone industry (Bhattacharyya, 2011). The adoption of zero-based budgeting will aid Pear Ltd to save cost and exercise restraint in develop budgets, minimizing the entitlement mentality wi th regard to cost increases, and budget decisions to be more meaningful during review sessions. Zero-based budgeting approach is applicable to Pear Ltd in aiding the company to utilize the latest insights and business priorities that reveal fresh opportunities to minimize investments and costs in areas where Pear Ltd market share is lower than critical thresholds. Activity Based Budgeting

Medical Devices Decontamination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Medical Devices Decontamination - Essay Examples a very familiar threat of get exposed to a number of unrevealed microorganisms that reprocessing staffs bear in the process of cleansing, reprocessing, and sterilization of medical instruments. automatic washer Disinfectors are designed to reduce the quantity and extent of reprocessing staffs exposure to this danger and make reprocessed medical devices easy that are hygienic harmless for handling, secure for patient care, and become safe at the cheapest cost. (Reichert, 2008, 34) The most neighborly cleansing cleaning-reprocessing of medical devices will provide all the requirements needed to disinfect medical devices and sterilize surgical instruments and make surgical instruments harmless to handle, and diminish costs of reprocessing.The most appropriate series of medical devices Washers Treatments includes a sequence of mechanical and chemical conducts. (Marimargaret, 2008, 32) Mechanical conducts take account of chilled water p re-wash using a source of ultrasonic cleaner, detergent rinse, distilled water washes, and warm air aeration. (Jette and Lambert, 2006, 15) The chemical management involves mixture of enzymatic cleaners, lubricants and draw close conditioners.Medical devices automated Washer Disinfectors, executes a pre-wash, ultrasonic (not obligatory), detergent cleaning, high temperature water rinsing, lubrication and at finish drying at high temperatures in order to make medical devices methodically clean, free from any jack or stains and sufficiently lubricate them. It is not possible to make Medical devices sterilized until and unless each and both surface is thoroughly cleaned, before sterilization process, in order to make them free from soil or debris rinse them thoroughly in order to prevent staining.The most appropriate series of interposition at the right time, correct temperature is essential to make medical devices significantly clean and safe for handling. An automated Washer D isinfectors eliminates unwanted debris with the help of

The Lady or The Tiger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Lady or The Tiger - Essay display caseDuring the trial, the caramel brown looked closely for any signs from the Princess, who was seated at the Kings right hand. This essay whence explores the possible course of action of the Princess sports fan selecting one introduction over the other. Ones face-to-face contention is that the lover would be led to the door where the tiger would emerge. At one side of the coin, the princess could clear her lover to the door to the lady. There is the possibility that the Princess could love him so very much and would not even hold seeing the consequence that he would be devoured by the ferocious tiger. As Stockton initially emphasized, she was the apple of his eye, and was love by him above all humanity (3). The love that was purportedly shared happily between them for several(prenominal) months was enough to ensure that the Princess would like him to live and spare his look from universe killed by the tiger. Likewise, the princess sk ills, power, and notoriety personify possessing similar traits as that of his father, the king. Therefore, by leading her lover to the door to the lady, she could think of ways and means to rank that lady to the same fate that her lover encountered. As she used her skills and power to determine which particular door contains the lady and which one contains the tiger, she could likewise use this power to manipulate the fate and destiny of the lady who would supposedly marry her lover. By saving him from being eaten, she still has the chance to look forward to a life with him somehow in the near future. On the other hand, the princess could also lead her lover to the door which contains the tiger. It was explicitly stated that the princess hated the lady since often had she seen, or imagined that she had seen, this fair creature throwing glances of admiration upon the person of her lover, and sometimes she thought these glances were perceived, and even returned (Stockton 4). The jea lousy and alleged burned agony that the princess felt as she imagines her lover being wed to the lady was just unbearable. As such, there is greater possibility that the princess would rather see her lover die by being devoured by the tiger, rather than see him wed to another woman. The reflective suspense noted could also possess validity Would it not be better for him to die at once, and go to wait for her in the blessed regions of semi-barbaric futurity? (Stockton 6). The princess could decide that it would be better for her lover to have met his finis in this world and that their love story to be continued in the afterlife. Even if she could save her lover from the pangs of the tiger by leading him to the lady, there were no laws in their kingdom that would allow for them to continue and thoroughgoing(a) their love for each other. Thus, if she could not have him for herself then, by all possibilities and given her devious and scheming demeanor, she would well-nigh probably lead her lover to the door containing the tiger. The personality and character of the princess parallels the personality of the king. In this regard, one doubts that the princess would allow her lover to be married to another lady, of whom she detests. She would rather see him killed than know that he lives and be married to someone else. The agony and jealousy that she would have to contend for the rest of her life would be too much to

The Privatization of Intelligence Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

The Privatization of Intelligence - term Paper ExampleThe conventional intelligence cycle is characterized as unconnected and Clark argues for a more tie intelligence cycle under what is described as a target-centric approach to intelligence accretion and sharing. However, wiz of the significant post-9/11 changes made to the intelligence cycle was the outsourcing of intelligence to the private sector. The Department of Homeland guarantor explained that since 9/11 the DHS has enhanced private sector involvement for facilitating more effective and rapid discourse with key organizations and as a means of bolstering regionally-focused entropy sharing efforts. Russell argues however, that the intelligence community remains fragmented in that a number of agencies are trustworthy for collecting intelligence. For example, the National Security Agency is responsible for intercepting and decoding communications the National Geospatial-Intelligence is responsible for analysing satellite images the Defense Intelligence Agency is responsible for hurry military defense attach collection abroadand the Department of State oversees the collection of information from diplomats abroad. Moreover, the CIA has its feature collection functions and also recruits spies for the benefit of US security. Complicating matters,the different agencies within the intelligence community have a tendency to jealously guard their information. While putting a tight lid on information can be justified on the grounds that it is too sensitive to risk unauthorised leaks, ofttimes times, information hoarding is cultivated by petty bureaucratic rivalries.8 This is problematic since analysts are required to dedicate informed assumptions on the basis of information received from all the various sources of intelligence.9 Intelligence that merely informs decision-makers of what is winning place abroad or at home has less intrinsic value than intelligence that informs of what efficiency be happeni ng.10 The outsourcing of intelligence functions to the private sector can only serve to further fragment the collection and

SOCIAL MEDIA AS AN EFFECTIVE MARKETING CHANNEL Essay

SOCIAL MEDIA AS AN EFFECTIVE MARKETING CHANNEL - Essay Example53). It is in any case playing a key fiber in the over all in all community building. There argon galore(postnominal) types of social media that help lot communicate with each other and develop business relationships. However, social media primarily refers to the social networking websites that play a dynamic role in the personal and professional lives of people. Some of the primary(prenominal) business benefits of using social media include provision of an effective marketing platform, ability to reach heavy(a) auditions, and improved customer service. In this paper, we will discuss the tax of social networking websites for advertising, customer service, and as a community building tool. The paper will also include a discussion on the value of social media as an effective marketing tool. 2. amicable Media as an Effective Marketing Channel societal networking websites are playing a valuable role as effective mark eting channels for all types of companies whether large, small, or medium-sized (Kelly 2013). With the advent of the social media as an effective network for marketing and advertising, companies started using social networking websites for achieving go against response, as well as to provide customer service through enhanced level of fundamental interaction with the customers of the company (Richardson, Gosnay and Carroll 2010, p. 58). The main goal of social media marketing is to ensure high participation of target audience in campaigns and content shared by the company (Rajarammohan 2012). It is imperative for a company y to spot the needs and demands of the customers for the provision of best products and services. Managers use a range of tools to gather required instruction because without the reading of customers requirements, it is not possible for a company to deliver customer value properly. Social media marketing helps managers and pertain employees in contacting the c ustomers of the company directly to know their requirements and preferences. Today, many small and large companies form manu occurrenceuring and retail industries are focusing of the use social media marketing to customize their products in accordance with the customers preferences, as well as to deliver their message in a more effective and conventional way to the target audience. Social media marketing refers to marketing using social networking websites and other forms of social media (Weinberg 2009, p. 4). Gone are the days when people used to visit products dealers and companies personally to know the functionalities and specifications of their required products. Today, most of the people use internet and colligate media to get all information about the products that they want to buy. For example, the number of people using online portals and websites for shopping is increase with every passing day. The indicate is that they do not need to waste their precious time going away to markets and collecting information about different products. Today, internet has become the biggest and the most convenient marketplace where avocation occurs in the same way as it occurs traditionally. The role of internet in this regard is evident from the fact that some popular social media websites, such as, Youtube, Twitter, and Facebook receive millions of clicks every day regarding product information (Rajarammohan 2012). The role of Youtube seems to be on the top in this regard as millions of people use this website to gather information about different products and services. For example, if a person aims to buy a new mobile phone of a particular company, he/she is most likely to open Youtube and see different videos related to that mobile phone. This is the reason why almost all major brands

Ethics Awareness Inventory Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics Awareness inscription Analysis - Essay ExampleTherefore, acting according to ones instincts is necessary and good (Lennick, D., & Kiel, F. 2005). I also intend inspiring individuals to improve their lives and grow is important compared to increasing employment profits through inhumane vexation practices like reshaping or traditional downsizing. Generally, I work with business ideas and policies which ensure equal opportunities and equal approve for all the employees in the family business. The knowledge I acquired during my study guide my thinking that business decisions are ethical only if they support the free choice of people, respect employee rights and supports creativity. In reference to obligation assessment, all businesses should postdate with internationally proclaimed human rights. Besides, a sustainable business should not be complicit in the revilement of employee rights. In addition, the business is expected to maintain a good forward and backward linkages in the deliver chain. These enhances the productivity of workers and result to profits (Lennick, D., & Kiel, F. 2005).However, my ethical viewpoint is not without any challenges especially when addressing ethical dilemmas in both personal settings and business. In most instances what I think is the appropriate approach is not applicable in the short-term choice. Hence, sustainability and conflict resolution at work place require a holistic approach to management of employee and employer relationships. Good business ethical practices embedded in business policies increase business

Design a summer camp Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design a summer camp - Research Paper Example pursuance are the activities mentioned for every age group based upon the stages of psychological development.As during this stage chelaren are growth a sense of trust so it is the responsibility of the dispensegivers especially the mother to treat the infant with love and warmth feeling and build the sense of trust in the child (About.com, 2010). Lack of reliability and care would lead to mistrust and a feeling of worthlessness. As a huge emphasis is given upon ocular contact and touch so the best activity for a 18 month infant would be Stacking toys and playing with the infant with that toys. As the caregiver would be playing along with the child this would help to inventive a feeling of affection and would built trust between you and the child (Harder, 2009).During this period of meter the child is at the beginning of learning stage as he or she starts going to school and it is the time when the child enters the real world on his own. The child is confronted to begin taking actions and has to carry them out. The child starts copy the adults during this stage. They make up stories and starts exploring the word WHY. (Harder, 2009) Therefore it is important for the parents and family to praise their activities and actions which would build a confidence in them. In contrast the child who fails to complete their tasks and is not motivated too leads them to a feeling of ill-doing in them which lowers their self esteem (Navid, 2009). The best activity for this stage should be Kitchen Play in which the kitchen utensils and a small built in kitchenette would be provided to the children and they would play in groups and they would cook and serve the imaginative food for thought to you and its the adults responsibility to appreciate and praise them so in this activity the children would neck the importance of team work and they would have a sense of purpose (About.com, 2010).It is the stage when the child is in pre school and is involved

Fibre Optics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Fibre Optics - Essay ExampleOne of the current and commonly used applications of fiber visuals is high endurance visuals (HDTV) which has enabled us to view broadcasts at 1080p screen resolution which is a result of FTTc and FTTh (fibre to the curb) network. Satellites making use of fibre optics do not have to undergo diminish (fibreopticsinfo). There are generally six theories of airy from which the surmisal of optical fibre has evolved. The relevant theories to optical fibre are emission theory, corpuscular theory, wav theory, electromagnetic theory and quantum theory. Reflection and refraction of faint-hearted are vital elements in optical fibre. These two properties have been explained by Newton in his laws. An other(a) very important property relative to fibre optics is the critical angle of light. Critical angle is defined as the minimum angle which can allow total internal reflection to take place. This is governed by Snells law. There are two theories which explain the genesis of light through optical fibres. The first theory is the Ray Theory under which light is considered to be a simple ray of light and the propagation properties are relevant to that. This theory explains the accepting and guiding behavior of light inside a fibre (Sathish Kumar). The second theory is the Mode Theory or the Wave Representation approach. According to the Mode Theory, light is an electromagnetic wave and acts like an electromagnetic wave inside a fibre. This theory explains the phenomenon of absorption and statistical distribution of light inside a fibre as well as its attenuation (The Theory of opthalmic Fibres). Fibre optic cables are the source of transmission of light using the fibre optics technology. Fibre optic cables enable light to be transmitted along them from one point to another and there is no significant loss in the intensity of light which passes through fibre optical cables. The construction of a fibre optic cable has three main parts A ke y core, lining and a Plastic Jacket touch both the core is present at the centre of the cable which acts as a buffer. It is composed of fine quality thin transparent glass polymer or a dielectric. The refractile index of the core is ?1 and the diameter of the central core ranges from 10 ? to 100 ?. surrounding the central core is a jacket layer of plastic or glass called Cladding. The refractive index (?2) of the cladding has to be smaller than that of the central core so that the light stays inside the core cod to total internal reflection (?1 ?2). Safety and strength are provided to cable by surrounding the cladding and the central core with a plastic jacket or the buffer (Loremate). The transmission of light by fibre optics has the same basic components as the normal wiring transmitting devices. The system comprises of a transmitter, a medium through which the signals are propagated and a receiver. The propagating medium is a cable in trip of fibre optics. The transmitter ha s an ability to emit light with the help of either a light emitting rectifying tube or a laser. The user inputs data into the transmitter in the form of audio, video or other data. The encoder or modulator used in the transmitter to convert electrical signals to optical signals is AM, FM or

Law Enforcement Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law Enforcement Paper - Essay ExamplePolicing in the United States dates back to the pre-colonial closure, an era characterized by high level of immigration from European countries into the country. Immigrants from Britain formed a significant proportion of the foreigners and the United States ulterior became a British colony. This colonial relationship played a major role in the schooling of the current modern policing and common law in the United States. According to Uchida (2004), the modern features that define American internal protection such as community policing, crime prevention and hierarchical guard assertion originate from British law enforcement agencies. As early as 900 AD, Uchida (2004) notes that law enforcement in United States was the duty of every citizen. Individuals used state authorized powers to uphold order in the society, a type of policing which handcart (1977, p48). refers as kin police. Because there was no police, individual persons were responsibl e for security of their relatives. This type of security later developed into a formalized communal policing that was adapted from 1066 to 13th atomic number 6. The defining characteristic of policing during the period was a community-based model called frankpledge (Uchida, 2004). This model comprised of small groups, each made of nine boys above the age of dozen years. These groups were called tythings and members came from the same neighborhood Uchida (2004 p23). Each member was sworn to uphold security by protecting coadjutor citizen, apprehending criminals and taking them to court of law (Uchida, 2004). This form of security organization was compulsory in nature and was enforce by the state although the members were compensated for their work. During this period, United States was under the rule of English Monarchy and absolute loyalty was necessary. A police constable who was appointed by the local nobleman commanded a group of ten tythings (Uchida, 2004). Therefore, the c onstable was the commencement police officer with official security responsibilities beyond helping his neighbor. The tythings were grouped into bigger units of hundreds, which were then collaborated into larger units, called shires (Uchida, 2004, p25). The head of each shire was called sheriff, an appointee of the king. This form of security system disintegrated in the 13th century as result of insufficient supervision from the king (Uchida, 2004, p28). The parish constable structure took over and adapted the same system, although it gave the constable more powers than in the preceding system. The constable commanded a group of watchmen who guarded entry points and furnish of towns at night. This form of English security arrangement continued in the 17th and 18th centuries (Walker, 1977). The sheriff, constable and the watch formed the core hierarchical system of police system in the United States. The sheriff headed the police operations in a county and the governor appointed hi m. The role of sheriff included collecting taxes, arresting criminals helping subpoenas in addition to making court appearances. In big tows and cities, the night watch reported fires, detained and arrested pretend criminals, raised the alarm, maintained street lighting in addition to walking around in the towns to understand security. Constables were responsible for taking criminals to court, removing health hazards in the towns and ensuring that witnesses appeared in courts (Walker, 1977).

Assignment #4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignment 4 - Essay ExampleAccess to engineering science has given way to continuous improvement and set standards for excellent service delivery.Information services set six different functions in the organization, namely ensuring validity and reliability of entropy, storing and retrieving data, training support users, maintain data security, maintain communication and continuous improvement of the Information Services (John and Kenneth 388).In recent years, IS has gradually locomote to become a core utility in healthcare organizations. This is because of its reliance in supporting transactions necessary for healthcare processes, performing measures that steer improvement, as well as making learning overmuch easier by improving the communication process. IS helps healthcare organizations to maintain high degrees of accuracy of information while excessively supporting effective communication. IS also helps in makes it easy for organizations to store and retrieve data, process the data in to useful sets of information, and plays a big role in training other users. The benefits of IS to an organization are seen through with(predicate) customer satisfaction, and improvements in clinical as well as other units of the healthcare organization (John and Kenneth 383).The go around way to implement Information Services is to view customers of the organization as services. All planning activities must(prenominal) be integrated with specific improvements in customer performance through improvements in patient

The Inglorious Bastards would make glorious movie stars Essay Example for Free

The Inglorious Bastards would make glorious movie stars turn upNothing sells like a movie on the Holocaust, especi aloney if the Jews win this time. The claim tells of two crystalise p musss to annihilate the Nazi Germany political leadership during the Second World War era. The plots are made by two completely diverse parties, whose plans eventually converge by the end of the movie as urgency would induct it. One party is a tribe of American- Judaic warriors with a strong desire to kill as many Nazis as they can. They go behind enemy lines and straight into a Nazi occupied ground in France to carry out this plan and de-scalp a hundred Nazi heads for each of them. The other party is a young lady who grew up hiding as a Frenchwoman after she survives the massacre of her Jewish family. She grew up square upking refuge in a cinema in Paris which eventually becomes the locale for the culmination of the movie, and of the bring outmingly undefeatable Third Reich. With the s aid plot of the film, one would expect that the setting of the film would be on a concentration camp or a depressed war zone. However, this film would go beyond what most war film goes for Inglorious Bastards will non capitalize on state of the art cinematic effects and the tension brought round by violence and dead, bloody bodies.While most war movies depict alone the violence of war in combat zones, this film would shed light on what other war situations mostly ignored. The film would present the ironically quiet life of learning to alive(p) with the war in a Nazi-occupied territory of France, intermeshed with the regular routine of everyday life without the go wrong explosions. What would build the tension would be the fear felt, as tangible as it could be, by the oppressed hatful inhabiting this area and living in a country thousands and miles away. Needless to say, the film would centralize on natural patriotism, the fight for freedom, and yes, even the concept of revenge .The epic hi stage of the Nazis hunt for the total obliteration of the Jews would never bugger off old for moviegoers. For one, no other event in history could compare to what the Jews went through during the holocaust. The sufferings of colonized countries inside hundreds of years of oppression would stale in comparison to the cruelty and injustice this particular race went through. Witnessing the delight of a plot against the reigning tyrants presented on a silver screen would surely bring about a sense of united victory among people from different races.The background and experiences of the characters are already films in themselves, but what the characters would actually carry out throughout the film to achieve their goals would bring a lot more to the table. Although, some may argue that the concept of revenge would promote terrorism or violence. That is how the word of the film would come in to actually reverse that assumption. As mentioned in the preceding paragraph, this film would not show multiple and never-ending impressions of war veterans exhausting all their ammunition to end up as victors of a war.On the contrary, mass of the scenes of Inglorious Bastards would be quiet conversations. This way, the audience would not only see the mechanics of war, the psyche of the characters would overly be understood. Take the case of the antagonist for example, who holds a high commit in the Nazi hierarchy. He is more terrorizing than Adolf Hitler himself, but only a few instances in the perfect film would the audience actually witness him in a fit of rage. He delivers his orders calmly, which is more in force(p) and would elicit more fear from the characters and audience.Having Quentin Tarantino as the author and director of the film would make it more raise than it already is. Tarantino is known for introducing a new genre in the field of filmmaking in Hollywood. His incorporation of the take off culture, which proliferated in the 1970s, in the memoir of his movies plot brings the audience to a new world. With the non-linear narration of the film, the movie is set to arouse the interest in every moviegoer. With the non-predictability feature of his films, the audience would not generate into a hazy daze but rather explode with excitement with every second and scene that goes by.In the case of Inglorious Bastards, Tarantino actually labored for at least a decade in the production of the movies script. Taking into consideration Tarantinos comical writing style and the enumerate of labor exerted on this script would prove the quality of the script. His non-linear process of narration is not necessarily unique to him, but his choice of language and words known for his style would increase to the kindled interest of moviegoers everywhere. clear-sighted Tarantino and the meticulous attention he pays to details, we would be sure he would not get any camera operator who just happens to be available during the production mon ths.For the production of the movie, the same cinematography Tarantino has been working with for his other forward films would be the same person in charge for Inglorious Bastards. In the previous movies, we can see that the unorthodox cinematographic style veers away from simply choosing between a wide angle or a close-up shot. This method of cinematography would complement Tarantinos unique way of doing movies and would add to the cohesiveness of the film. Similar to the cinematography, the soundtrack of the film would not be what a professional in the industry would expect.The usual orchestra playing a line of reasoning in the background would not supplement the fear element in the movie nor would it use songs from newfangled day rock bands. To maintain the simplicity of the film, the practice of using background music used in the previous decades. This is also done to create a comic-book feel translated in the movie. The uniqueness in all of the tonal elements in the movie i s employed to achieve an ultimate end of the movie, which is to aestheticize violence. Marketing objectives for the film The majority of moviegoers age for this movie type would range from age 18 up to, possibly, 50 years old.However, for this particular film, the target market would consist of a wider demographic. Initially, males of different ages would seem to be the most obvious and only target market for the film as it is movie on war. Most people would say females would have no interest on this particular genre. Considering the treatment of the film, however, would make one think otherwise. Since the focus of the story is not mostly on the technicalities of war, but on the anguish, suffering and revenge of the abused, the female demographic is also acknowledged. Aside from this, the film would also get the attention of the youth.As young professionals already have the buying power, majority of this particular demographic would surely spend on entertainment. What the youth pre fer, this film delivers the film leans towards the unconventional and unpredictable genre, it shows just the right amount of action without capitalizing on blood and gore. When we say youth, we also include younger teenagers probably from 16 years of age. This particular age group would be old copious to understand the concepts of violence and war in the film, and is the most avid audience of upcoming movies.As express in the earlier paragraphs, the film would be positioned not as a war movie, but as one which tackles the heavy concept of war and revenge in a lighter, less violent manner. It is a movie of reclaiming freedom and honor. With the positioning of the movie stated, we can then say that the tempered violence in the movie would serve as one of the strengths of the movie. The tempered violence throughout the film would allow different profiles on an international scope to be included in the films target market. Therefore, the intercommunicate net profit for this film woul d be more than enough to cover production expenses.Aside from this, since this is a story about the Nazi occupation, this film would turn many heads once the publicity of the movie would start. community from different nations would be interested in watching a movie on such a historical event. It would not be one of the movies which end up spending more than they earned. Also, the strength of Tarantino as a draw upr and director would quiet any raised eyebrows, for his skills and talent as both writer and director is undeniable as can be proven from his previous movies. Having him direct the film and write the screenplay would actually attract more audience for the film.

Dream Research Project Essay Example for Free

Dream Research Project EssayWhat is a dreaming? Dreams are a symbol and link to the inner core of the human subconscious. Dreams as scientist say are stories our brains take while we are naping at night. Every dream is not the same, and their qualities depend, at least in part, on the stage of short sleep in which they occur. There are different stages of sleep, rapid eye movement sleep is the unrivaled dreams most appear in. REM stands for rapid eye movement in which brain activity is risque and signaled by rapid horizontal movements of the eyes. Like all in all movies, dreams pee-pee story lines.Dreams in light sleep, stages 1 and 2, are like childrens movies short and simple. Dreams can be for as long as 20 minutes, to a few seconds. They can vary from normal and mundane, to surreal and bizarre. Dreams can often times pose creative thought, or provoke a sense of inspiration. Scientists believe everybody dreams, that sometimes we impede. We tend to forget when we n aturally pass out of sleep through the traditional cycle. If a someone is awoken directly from REM sleep (by an alarm clock), they are much more likely remember the dream from that REM cycle.Psychologists have also concluded that our daily activities while we are awake can have an affect on our dreams. However, scientists are unsure of what degree of an impact this makes on us. In one study a crowd of people wore red-tinted gawp before they went to sleep and there was another group that did not wear the goggles before they went to sleep. Even though anyone did not know the purpose of the study, when group that wore the goggles before they slept had woken the coterminous morning, they had reported seeing more red images in their dreams than the people without goggles. correspond to First magazine, the average person has about 1. 460 dreams a year. That is 4 dreams every single day. In average you spend 10 to 30 percent of your sleeping time dreaming. You may think that vision is the only dream sense but it is not the only one. Vision is the prominent one, at least for sighted people. About half of all dreams an average person has have sound in them, but only 1 percent has savvy, touch, or smell. However, a third of men and 40 percent of women have experienced smell or taste in a dream at least once in there life. Why do dreams occur?There is no shortage of theories as to why we dream. Some see dreaming as an important process through which all species with complex brains analyze and consolidate information. This is supported by the concomitant that most mammals dream. Other theories conclude that dreaming is nothing more than random brain activity that has poor to no logical relevance. Another theory is that dreams reveal wishes or desires we are not aware of during vigilant hours. Unrelated to that completely another theory is that the human brain contains an ample overload store of information, memories, and emotions.During sleep, brass section cells fire at random, throwing bits of all of them together in random, wild ways. One of the first theories regarding dreams and dreaming was that Sigmund Freud. According to Sigmund Freud, dreams were heavy in symbolism and often showed the true intent and emotions of a human being. Freud saw dreams as wish fulfillment disguised ways to satisfy unconscious(p) desires that are too upsetting to fount consciously. Dreams qualification therefore offer clues to unconscious conflicts.Freud For instance, sexual desires might appear in a dream as the rhythmic motions of a horseback ride, or conflicting feelings about a parent might appear as a dream about a fight. Freud called dreams the royal road to the knowledge of the unconscious mind. Freuds analysis of dreams brought about much controversy, especially amongst contemporary psychologists. Psychologists of today believe that dreams do have center however, meaning is based upon the individual, not a set logic or theory as proposed by Freu d.A very popular theory today is that dreaming specifically through REM sleep is essential for making memories. Several observations support hypothesis. For one when learning a modern skill, REM sleep episodes are more frequent and last longer. When the new skill is mastered, those measures drop back to the normal average. withal during REM sleep, areas in the brains memory forming regions appear to replay patterns of nerve firing associated with the new learning.

Anonymous Research Essay Example for Free

anon. Research Essay unnamed (used as a mass noun) is a e adult malecipately associated hacktivist group. It (is estimated to be possessed of) originated in 2003 on the imageboard 4chan, representing the fantasy of m any online and dischargeline community users simultaneously existing as an anarchic, digitized global brain.2 It is also gener alto specifyhery considered to be a blanket term for phalluss of authentic Inter displace subcultures, a way to refer to the actions of people in an environment where their actual identities argon not know.3 It strongly opposes mesh censorship and surveillance, and has hacked various organisation websites. It has also targeted major security corporations.456 It also opposes Scientology, government corruption and homophobia.Its members can be distinguished in public by the wearing of stylised clapperclaw Fawkes masks.7 In its early convention, the concept was adopted by a decentralized online community acting anonymously in a coord inate manner, usually toward a loosely self-agreed goal, and primarily focused on entertainment. branch with 2008, the anonymous collective became increasingly associated with collaborative, foreign hacktivism. They undertook protests and other actions in retaliation against anti-digital piracy campaigns by motility picture and recording industry trade associations.89 Actions credited to nameless were undertaken by unidentified individuals who applied the unidentified label to themselves as attribution.10They have been called the freedom fighters of the Internet,11 a digital Robin Hood,12 and anarchic cyber-guerrillas.13 Although not inevitably tied to a single online entity, many websites are strongly associated with Anonymous. This includes notable imageboards much(prenominal) as 4chan, their associated wikis, Encyclopdia Dramatica, and a yield of forums.14 After a series of controversial, widely publicized protests, distributed defence force of service (DDoS) and websit e de casement attempts by Anonymous in 2008, incidents linked to its cadre members have increased.15 In consideration of its capabilities, Anonymous has been posited by CNN to be star of the three major successors to WikiLeaks.16 In 2012, Time named Anonymous as one of the most influential groups in the world.17OriginsThe name Anonymous itself is inspired by the perceived anonymity under which users post images and comments on the Internet. tradition of the term Anonymous in the sense of a shared identity began on imageboards.14 A pronounce of Anonymous is assigned to visitors who leave comments without identifying the originator of the posted content. Users of imageboards some cadences jokingly acted as if Anonymous were a real person. The concept of the Anonymous entity advanced in 2004 when an administrator on the 4chan image board worked up a Forced_Anon protocol that signed all posts as Anonymous.14 As the popularity of imageboards increased, the idea of Anonymous as a coll ective of unnamed individuals became an Internet meme.18 Anonymous broadly represents the concept of any and all people as an unnamed collective.As a multiple-use name, individuals who share in the Anonymous moniker also adopt a shared online identity, characterized as hedonistic and uninhibited. This is intended as a satirical, conscious adoption of the online disinhibition effect.19 We Anonymous just eliminate to be a group of people on the internet who needjust kind of an take to do as we wish, that we wouldnt be able to do in regular society. Thats more or little the point of it. Do as you wish. Theres a common phrase we are doing it for the lulz. Trent Peacock. Search Engine The face of Anonymous, February 7, 2008.19 Definitions tend to emphasize that the concept, and by extension the collective of users, cannot be readily encompassed by a innocent definition. Instead Anonymous is often defined by aphorismsdescribing perceived qualities.2 One self-description, originatin g from a protest movie targeted at the Church of Scientology, is We are Anonymous. We are Legion. We do not forgive. We do not forget. Expect us.20Overview Anonymous is the source Internet-basedsuperconsciousness. Anonymous is a group, in the sense that a flock of birds is a group. How do you know theyre a group? Because theyre traveling in the same direction. At any given moment, more birds could join, leave, peel off in another(prenominal) direction entirely. Chris Landers. Baltimore City Paper, April 2, 2008.2 Anonymous consists largely of users from multiple imageboards and Internet forums. In addition, some(prenominal) wikis and Internet Relay Chat networks are maintained to overcome the limitations of traditional imageboards. These modes of communication are the instrument by which Anonymous protesters participating in Project Chanology communicate and organize upcoming protests.2122 A loose coalition of Internet denizens,23 the group bands together through the Internet, using IRC channels21 and sites such as 4chan,2123 711chan,21 Encyclopdia Dramatica,24 and YouTube.3 Social networking serve, such as Facebook, are used for to mobilize groups for real-world protests.25Anonymous has no leader or controlling troupe and relies on the collective power of its individual participants acting in such a way that the net effect benefits the group.23 Anyone who wants to can be Anonymous and work toward a set of goals a member of Anonymous explained to the Baltimore City Paper. We have this agenda that we all agree on and we all coordinate and act, but all act independently toward it, without any want for recognition. We just want to get something that we feel is important done2 Anonymous members have previously collaborated with hacker group LulzSec.citation neededMembershipIt is impossible to join Anonymous, as there is no leadership, no ranking, and no single means of communication. Anonymous is spread over many mediums and languages, with membership exis tence achieved simply by wishing to join.26air force officer X and the Peoples Liberation FrontA person known as Commander X provided interviews and videos about Anonymous.27 In 2011, he was at the center of an investigation into Anonymous by HBGary CEO Aaron Barr, who claimed to have identified him as a San Francisco gardener. Interviewed pursuance the attack on HBGary Federal, Commander X revealed that while Barr suspected that he was a leader of the group, he was in his own lyric poem a peon. However, Commander X did claim to be a s use uped hacker and founding member of an allied organization, the Peoples Liberation Front (PLF).28 According to Commander X, Peoples Liberation Front, a collective of hactivists founded in 1985, acted with AnonOps, another sub-group of Anonymous, to carry out denial-of-service (DDOS) attacks against government websites in Tunisia, Iran, Egypt, and Bahrain.Explaining the relationship between Anonymous and the PLF, he suggested an analogy to NATO, w ith the PLF beingnessness a smaller sub-group that could choose to opt in or out of a specific project. AnonOps and the PLF are both capable of creating huge Internet armies. The main difference is AnonOps moves with huge force, but very belatedly because of their decision making process. The PLF moves with great speed, like a scalpel.29 On September 23, 2011, a nursing homeless man in California named Christopher Doyon was arrested and stated by officials to have used the Commander X screen name.30 He pleaded not inculpative.31Low Orbit Ion CannonMain article LOICThe Low Orbit Ion Cannon is a network stress testing application that has been used by Anonymous to accomplish its DDOS attacks. Individual users download the LOIC and voluntarily contribute their computer to a bot net. This bot net is then directed against the target by AnonOps.32 connector the bot net and volunteering ones resources for the use of the group is thus one way of being a member, a concept that is other wise hard to define.The Pirate BayIn April 2009, after The Pirate Bay co-defendants were found guilty of facilitating extensive copyright infringement in a commercial and organized form, Anonymous launched a matching DDoS attack against the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), an organisation responsible for safeguarding recording artists rights.33 When co-founders lost their appeal against convictions for advance piracy, Anonymous again targeted the IFPI, labelling them parasites. A statement read We give continue to attack those who embrace censorship. You will not be able to secrete your ludicrous ways to control us.MegauploadOn January 19, 2012, Megaupload, a website providing file-sharing services, was shut down by the US Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).36 In the hours following the shutdown, hackers took down the sites of the DOJ and FBI, as intimately as the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), the recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) using distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks.37Barrett Brown, described as a spokesperson for Anonymous, called the attack the single largest Internet attack in Anonymous history.38 With the protests against the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) protests only a twenty-four hour period experient, Brown stated that internet users were by-and-far ready to defend an open Internet.38Although the actions of Anonymous received support,citation needed some commentators argued that the denial of service attack risked damaging the anti-SOPA case. Molly Wood of CNET wrote that if the SOPA/PIPA protests were the Webs moment of inspiring, non-violent, hand-holding civil disobedience, OpMegaUpload feels like the unsettling quaver of car-burning hooligans that sweep in and incite the riot portion of the play.39 Dwight Silverman of the Houston Chronicle concurred, stating that Anonymous actions hurt the move ment to kill SOPA/PIPA by highlighting online lawlessness.40 The Oxford Internet Institutes Joss Wright wrote that In one sense the actions of Anonymous are themselves, anonymously and unaccountably, censoring websites in response to positions with which they disagree.37Government websitesAnonymous claimed province for taking down government websites in the UK in April 2012 in protest against government extradition and surveillance policies. A message was left on twitter saying it was for your draconian surveillance proposals.41Occupy movementAnonymous activists merged with Occupy Wall passageway protesters. Anonymous members descended on New Yorks Zucotti Park and organized it partly. After it became known that some Occupy protesters would get violent, Anonymous used social networking to urge Occupy protesters to avoid disorder. Anonymous used Twitter trends to victuals protests peaceful.42 A similar protest occurred outside the London Stock Exchange in early whitethorn 2012 du ring a May Day Occupy protest.43Internet pedophiliaAlleged Internet predator Chris Forcand, 53, was charged with shaver sexual and firearm offenses.44 A newspaper report stated that Forcand was already being track by cyber- vigilantes before natural law investigations commenced.45 A television report identified a self-described Internet vigilante group called Anonymous who contacted the police after some members were propositioned by Forcand. The report stated this was the first time a suspected Internet predator was arrested by the police as a result of Internet vigilantism.46 In October 2011, Operation Darknet was launched as an attempt to cease the activities of squirt porn sites accessed through hidden services in the deep web.47 Anonymous published in apastebin link what it claimed were the user names of 1,589 members of Lolita City, a child porn site accessed via the Tor network. Anonymous said that it had found the site via The Hidden Wiki, and that it contained over 100 gigabytes of child pornography. Anonymous launched a denial-of-service attack to take Lolita City offline.Cyber-attacks and other activitiesThe group is responsible for cyber-attacks on the Pentagon, intelligence activity Corp and has also curseened to destroy Facebook.54 In October 2011, Anonymous hackers threatened the Mexican drug confidence known as Los Zetas in an online video after one of their members was kidnapped.55 In late May 2012 supposed Anonymous members claimed responsibility for taking down a GM crops website.56 In early September 2012 so-called Anonymous members claimed responsibility for taking down GoDaddys Domain Name Servers, affecting small businesses around the globe.57 In mid-September 2012, Anonymous hackers threatened the Hong Kong government organization, known as National Education Centre.In their online video, Anonymous members claimed responsibility for leaking classified government documents and taking down the National Education Centre website, a fter the Hong Kong government repeatedly ignored months of wide-scale protests against the establishment of a new core Moral and National Education curriculum for children from 618 years of age. The new syllabus came under heavy criticism and international media attention, as it does not award students based on how much factual information is learned, but instead grades and evaluates students based on their level of emotional attachment and approval of the Communist Party of China, almost in blind brain-washing fashion.58IsraelIn response to Operation Pillar of Cloud in November 2012, Anonymous launched a series of attacks on Israeli government websites. Anonymous protested what they called the barbaric, brutal and despicable treatment of the Palestinian people.59SyriaOn November 30, 2012, the group declared an execution to shut down websites of the Syrian government, in response to a internet blackout the previous day believed to be imposed by Syrian authorities in an attempt to s ilence opposition groups of the Syrian civil war Reaction from law enforcement agenciesArrests First, who is this group called Anonymous? Put simply, it is an international cabal of abominable hackers dating back to 2003, who have shut down the websites of the U.S. Department of Justice and the F.B.I. They have hacked into the phone lines of Scotland Yard. They are responsible for attacks against MasterCard, Visa, Sony and the Governments of the U.S., U.K., Turkey, Australia, Egypt, Algeria, Libya, Iran, Chile, Colombia and New Zealand. Canadian MP Marc Garneau, 201267In December 2010, the Dutch police arrested a 16-year old for cyberattacks against Visa, MasterCard and PayPal in conjunction with Anonymous DDoS attacks against companies opposing Wikileaks.68 In January 2011, the FBI issued more than 40 search warrants in a probe against the Anonymous attacks on companies that opposed Wikileaks. The FBI did not issue any arrest warrants, but issued a statement that participating in DDoS attacks is a criminal offense with a sentence of up to 10 years in prison.6970 In January 2011, the British police arrested five male suspects between the ages of 15 and 26 with suspicion of participating in Anonymous DDoS attacks.71 Matthew George, a Newcastle, New South Wales resident, concerned with forthcoming Australian internet filtration legislation, was arrested for his participation in Anonymous DDoS activities. George participated in Anonymous IRC discussions, and allowed his computer to be used in a denial of service attack associated with Operation Titstorm. Tracked down by authorities, he was fined $550, though he was not fully aware that his actions were illegal, and believed his participation in Operation Titstorm had been a legal form of civil protest.His experience left him disillusioned with the potential of online anonymity, warning others There is no way to hide on the internet, no matter how hard you cover your tracks you can get caught. Youre not invincib le.72 On June 10, 2011, the Spanish police captured three purported members of Anonymous in the cities of Gijon, Barcelona and Valencia. The operation deactivated the main server from which the three men coordinated DDoS attacks. This particular group had make attacks on the web servers of the PlayStation Store, BBVA, Bankia, and the websites of the governments of Egypt, Algeria, Libya, Iran, Chile, Colombia and New Zealand. The operation revealed that their structure consisted of cells which at any given time could coordinate attacks through the downloading of software the decision-making process to attack occurred in chat rooms.The Spanish national police stated that this operation corresponds to the fact that the Spanish government and NATO considers this group of hackers a threat to national security.73 On June 13, 2011, officials in Turkey arrested 32 individuals that were allegedly involved in DDoS attacks on Turkish government websites. These members of Anonymous were capture d in different cities of Turkey including Istanbul and Ankara. According to PC Magazine these individuals were arrested after they attacked these websites as a response to the Turkish government demand to ISPs to implement a system of filters that many have perceived as censorship.7475During July 1920, 2011, as many as 20 or more arrests were made of suspected Anonymous hackers in the US, UK, and Netherlands following the 2010 Operation Avenge Assange in which the group attacked PayPal, as well as attacking MasterCard and Visa after they froze Wikileaks accounts. According to US officials statements suspects homes were raided and suspects were arrested in Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Washington DC, Florida, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Mexico, and Ohio, as well as a 16 year old boy being held by the police in south London on suspicion of breaching the Computer Misuse Act 1990, and four being held in the Netherlands.76777879On February 28, 2012, Interpol issued warrants for the arrests of 25 people with suspected links to Anonymous, according to a statement from the international police agency. The suspects, between the ages of 17 and 40, were all arrested.80 On September 12, 2012 Anonymous spokesman Barrett Brown was arrested at his home in Dallas on charges of threatening an FBI agent. Agents arrested Brown while he was in the middle of aTinychat session.81

The Authors portrayal of Victor Essay Example for Free

The Authors portrayal of Victor EssayWhilst Frankenstein knows that his actions in creating the puppet were wrong, he is onerous to dependableify his actions following the creature coming to life as world acceptable, the creature is trying to rack up Frankenstein feel responsible for creating him and then abandoning him so he is trying to make Frankenstein feel guilty. This is all paltry towards the creatures ultimate aim, for Frankenstein to create him a companion to fulfil his need for love and compassion.This is very interesting, the creature just wants someone to love and be with and Frankenstein wanted someone to rule and have power over, when you look at the events of the first night when the creature is brought to life, you cant help but wonder that if the prevailing events had taken a different course and the creature and Frankenstein had stayed together, then both characters would have had their needs fulfilled, Frankenstein would have had his power and the creature w ould have had his companion and would not be alone in the world. The following morning the two characters puzzle themselves in two very different situations, Frankenstein walks out into his town, Ingolstadt where he meets his long-time friend, atomic number 1 Clerval, I perceived Henry Clerval who inspires joy to Frankenstein, I felt suddenly, and for the first time during many months, calm and serene joy it is as if Frankenstein now has a huge weight off his shoulders and can return to living a standard life, I sincerely hope, that all these employments argon now at an end and that I am at length free.The creature on the other submit is left very alone, with very little association about what is happening around him, left to learn the ways of the world by himself, I extort my hand into the live embers, but quickly drew out again with a cry of chafe here the creature shows the vulnerability and in classifyigence of a small child, but without someone there to tell him not t o put his hand in the fire he has to make it out for himself. However rather deservingly, it is not the creature who suffers the most in these early days of the theme, it is Frankenstein.After meeting Clerval, Frankenstein goes home expecting to find the creature there, the thought made me shiver, that the creature whom I had left in the apartment might relieve be there. This he does not but he does fall very ill. This was the commencement of a anxious fever which confined me for several months. During this time Clerval nursed him back to health. The creature on the other hand does much better for himself, out in the wild he finds himself a fire, food (berries which are not very nourishing) and water from the stream.Nonetheless he survives and seems content, until he first encounters men. The difference in the two characters affinitys with worldly concern could not be more dissimilar. Each and every one of the creatures encounters with humans result in him being attacked, gri evously bruised by stones and many other kinds of missile weapons. Frankenstein however has a very different relationship with humans. His account of his upbringing shows how spoilt he was by his parents and as previously stated it is his friend, Clerval who looks after him when he is ill. The creature is deprived of all this.The readers sympathy for the characters shifts with each narrator, this making it challenging to remain unbiased. Until the creature tells his story he receives no sympathy, but after, the reader begins to recognise the injustice of Frankensteins actions, his absence of con knowledge and how ultimately, he completes an investigate which threatens mankind. In conclusion, Shelly has created two very extreme characters that given different circumstances could have flourished with one another, yet quite the contrary happens with them leading to each others destruction.It asks many questions about the morality and ethics surrounding science and inspires responsib ility above all else upon the scientists both to think about what they are doing and also why they are doing what they are doing. Answering the why can sometimes be very much more difficult than answering what. By Andy Lawson 11I Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student indite piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Toyota Prius Hybrid Marketing Plan Essay Example for Free

Toyota Prius crossbreed Marketing Plan EssayAs Ameri merchantmans become increasingly more than concerned more or little(prenominal)(prenominal) global warming, mevery atomic number 18 qualification choices ab let out the vehicles they drive establish on burn economy and throne pipe emissions. Hybrid sales fox increase 313% from 84,199 cars in 2004, to 347,102 in 2007. Driving a mark might make people shade bump for helping the environment, single if is it really better for our planet? The answer it seems, is, it depends. It depends on who is doing the evaluating and what the criteria are. When I started this compendium, I expected to find oerwhelming evidence in favor of one category or another. kinda what I found was a lot of confusing information. The confusion arose beca phthisis antithetical groups foc utilize on different aspects. Most analysis foc utilise either on economics, (i. e. how more than money the owner would save over time) or consumption, (i. e. how many gallons of fuel the car would consume over its recyclable biography), but in tight all cases, the analysis was confined to the period of time during which the car would be driven. What went into making the car and what happens to it after its been abandoned by its owners was orotundly ignored, and I suspect its ignored because its so hard to evaluate.I found this to be a very consistent theme in the judge systems of all products Ive researched. Even expertness Star, which ranks household appliances, focuses on cogency consumption during use, but the force to produce, estimated useful life and eventual disposal, is largely ignored. This leads to an incomplete and several(prenominal)times inconsistent perspective to consumers. One boldness that focuses on the full life cycle analysis of automobiles is CNW Marketing in Bandon, Oregon. Founded in 1984, CNW is a for moolah market research company that specializes in the automotive industry.In 2001, they pioneered a life cycle analysis of the auto industry in an annual report they called, spatter to Dust. 2 In this report, CNW undisturbed data on the energy consumed to plan, build, sell, drive and eventually dispose of a vehicle. They followed it from initial concept to the throw away yard. They even took into consideration small details such as the distance from manufacturing plant to dealership, the average distances mingled with employees homes and the factory where the cars were built. They also considered the manner of tran blowation employees take to get to work, (i. e if mass transit was on hand(predicate) and utilized).Worth noting is that CNW excluded economics from their analysis. The economic cost to build a car and run and maintain it was entirely ignored. Also ignored were the environmental have-to doe withs of materials. If one car required less energy to produce but incorporated hazardous substances, it account depositmentd better than a car that required more energy but used benign materials. CNW focused strictly on energy consumption. For 2007, 284 cars were evaluated. The average energy rating for all cars was 2. 54 per mile.The car with the highest energy cost was the Mercedes Maybach, with an energy factor of 15.97. The car with the lowest energy cost was the Mercedes chicness Car, with a score of 0. 58. Worth noting was the average for all loanblendizings was 3. 41, which was signifi tidy sumtly worse than the average. The scoop in the hybrid group was the Toyota Prius which scored 2. 19. harmoniseing to their analysis, hybrid vehicles cost more in terms of overall energy consumed than schematic cars. One of the reasons hybrids score so poorly is because of their complexity to manufacture, repair, replace, and dispose of batteries and electric motors, (which exists in addition to a conventional locomotive engine).Hybrids are also more difficult to recycle. For example, the Honda Accord hybrid scored 4. 23, but the regular non hybri d Accord with a conventional gas pedal engine scored a 1. 96. Over the course of its lifetime, the Accord hybrid is expected to consume more than twice the energy of it non-hybrid sibling. The non hybrid has a 2. 4 liter, four cylinder motor rated at 166 horsepower. The hybrid has a 3. 0 liter, six cylinder engine rated at 255 horsepower. The hybrid also has an additional electric motor and batteries.The hybrid achieves 29 miles per gallon in the city and 37 miles per 3 gallon channel as compared to 25 in the city and 35 on the highway for the non hybrid. The hybrid version cost al just about $10,000 more than the non-hybrid. Again, economics were not considered in the study, but the determine alone should give some indication of the cars increased complexity. In 2008, Honda abandoned manufacture of the Accord Hybrid. The Backlash.. CNWs automotive research was sold largely to the auto industry executives and companies that supply the auto industry.It wasnt until 2005, when bat tle cry got out that CNWs annual Dust to Dust report listed the slug H3 as reportedly better for the environment than the Toyota Prius, that the company gained widespread attention. Environmentalists were outraged. They demanded that the details of the analysis be made public for further scrutiny. CNW is a for- gain ground organization that charges a fee for their analysis. They believed that publishing their calculations would open them up to competition they would rather avoid. They did disclose some information to the general public and their critics.CNW also pointed out that they never said the Hummer was better for the environment, merely that it would consume less energy from a cradle to grave perspective. In fairness to CNWs critics, the life cycle energy rating is largely dependent on the products useful life. The Hummer was assumed to bear a useful life of 200,000 miles, whereas the Prius was assumed to behave a useful life of only 109,000 miles. The environmentalists b elieved that these project life cycle miles were unsubstantiated and pointed out that a small change in miles support have a huge effect on the overall energy rating.CNW countered that their mileage were real world estimates base on actual driving conditions and interviews with owners. After interviewing many Prius owners, CNW determined that the average miles driven were only 6,700 per year. This equated to a useful life of just over 16 years, which CNW pointed out exceeded Toyotas life expectancy for the Prius batteries, which is amidst 10 and 15 years. 4 The same criticism was noted for the Honda Accord as well. The hybrid Accord was assumed to have a useful life of 117,000 miles, whereas the non hybrid Accord had a useful life of 209,000 miles.Change the miles and the ratings can change quite dramatically. CNW continues to point out that if what is important to consumers is fuel economy and tail pipe emissions, then hybrids do make sense during their useful life, but taking i nto consideration the big picture, hybrids dont measure up where most consumers think they should. Many consumers perceive sport utility vehicles as bad because of their lour fuel economy and perceived inefficiency as a method of transportation, but many of these vehicles are easy to produce, have a long useful life and are easy to dissemble / recycle.So, their impact on the environment is not as bad as sooner thought. CNW also points out that like many other things, the simplest design is often the best design and the cars that score best on CNWs list are simple, low technology cars, that have long useful lives. Keep in mind that CNW ignored economics and the environmental impact of materials used. Had CNW incorporated an auto producers monetary investment of profits into green technology versus anothers deliberate use of hazardous materials, it would have made the analysis incredibly complicated.If anything, the controversy surrounding CNWs report illustrates out how difficult it is to assess the overall green nature of any product. dexterity Life Cycle estimate CNWs 10 Most Efficient versus Hybrids Top 10 Most Efficient Cars 2007 Models Dust to Dust Per Mile Mercedes SMART 0. 583 Saturn Ion 0. 621 Ford Focus 0. 621 Chevy Cavalier 0. 655 Jeep Wrangler 0. 656 Scion xB 0. 683 Chevy Aveo 0. 693 Scion xA 0. 713 Pontiac Sunfire 0. 732 Toyota Corolla 0. 748 perseverance Average All Models 2. 538 All Hybrids 2007 Models Dust to Dust Per Mile Toyota Prius 2. 191 Ford Escape Hybrid 2. 747 Honda civic Hybrid 2. 943 Toyota Camry Hybrid 3.042 Toyota Highlander Hybrid 3. 078 Ford Mercury Mariner Hybrid 3. 412 Honda Accord Hybrid 4. 228 Lexus GS450h 4. 365 Lexus RX400h 4. 661 Hybrid Average 3. 407 5 The Electric Movement. In 2010, Chevrolet is expected to introduce the Volt, a car that can be recharged like a cell phone and travel 40 miles on electricity onward using any fuel. GM hopes that those with short commutes can use the car solely on outpouring power. Again, whats not taken into consideration is the bigger picture of where the electricity comes from. Just because it appears clean when its recharging, doesnt mean that things arent getting dirty somewhere else.A study in 2003 by the Institute for Lifecycle of Assessment determined that if an electric vehicle is recharged via a power plant that uses coal as its primary fuel source, than the impact to the environment would be no better than a conventional gasoline engine. According to the US Department of Energy, in 2006, the US derived 49% of its total electrical power from coal. The state of Pennsylvania derived 56% of its electrical power from coal. Again, these are both averages for both the US and the state of Pennsylvania. Energy source may differ by location within a state. I live in Vineland, unfermented Jersey. Vineland has its own power utility.It is 100% coal fired. Choices, Choices Everywhere Gas? Electric? Ethanol? alcohol? Diesel? Hybrid? With all the choices and inc omplete information available to consumers, which choice is best, (and virtual(a)), for consumers who are beguileed in a sustainable energy source that minimizes harm to the planet? Other, 2. 1% Hy dro Electric, 1. 3% Nuclear, 34. 4% inborn Gas, 6. 2% Coal, 56. 0% Pennsylvania Energy by Source Other, 4. 5% Hydro Electric, 7. 1% Nuclear, 19. 4% indispensable Gas, 20. 0% Coal, 49. 0% U. S. Energy by Source 6 In my personal opinion, the best energy choice for transportation that is currently available is bio diesel motor engine.Biodiesel is a renewable fuel manufactured from vegetable fossil oils, wolf fats and recycled cooking oils. It can be burned in any current vehicle with a diesel engine as a replacement to conventional petroleum based diesel fuel. To make biodiesel, (see above), a catalyst, (Sodium Hydroxide), is used to mix methyl alcohol and vegetable oil to separate the glycerin. The end result is mainly a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin, with a small amount of metha nol and fertilizer. The fertilizer is used in agricultural production. The methanol is returned back to the process input. The glycerin is a byproduct used in the manufacture of soaps and cosmetics. do biodiesel may seem complicated, but it is not, and can be done by anyone with hold knowl ring of chemistry. Vegetable oils can be new or used and purchased from a grocery store or taken for part with as flub oil from most restaurants. Methanol is made from methane, a naturally occurring chemical in the atmosphere that is caused when bacteria break down organic compounds. Methanol is also a commonly used racing fuel and can be purchased in bulk from fuel suppliers. The catalyst, Sodium Hydroxide, is the technical summons for lye. Lye is also a natural product that is used in the manufacture of soap.It can be purchased as a drain cleaner available in most hardware stores. Those three ingredients and a micro bit of heat are all that is needed to make biodiesel. Methanol or Alcohol 1 2% wait on Input Catalyst (Lye) 1% Vegetable Oil 87% Vegetable OilMethanol or AlcoholCatalyst (Lye) Process Output Methanol or Glycerin 9% Alcohol 4% Fertilizer 1% Biodiesel 86% BiodieselGlycerinMethanol or AlcoholFertilizer 7 Biodiesel is significantly better for the environment than conventional diesel because it is made from renewable resources and has lower emissions than petroleum diesel.It is less toxic than household table salt and biodegrades as fast as sugar. Since it can be made in the U. S. from renewable resources such as soybeans, it decreases dependence on foreign oil and helps support local farmers. Green Car. com recently gave the 2009 Green Car of the Year award to the Volkswagen Jetta Diesel, beating both hybrids and ethanol powered cars. Earlier this year, the Jetta TDI set a new Guinness World Record for lowest fuel consumption. It averaged 58. 8 miles per gallon as it traveled through 48 contiguous states.Imagine the environmental impact if the Jetta were power ed by biodiesel instead of conventional diesel. The EPA estimates that if advanced diesels such as the one that powers the Jetta were used in one third of all light duty vehicles in the US, it would save almost 60 trillion gallons of oil per day. When the diesel engine was invented in 1890, its inventor, Rudolf Diesel, designed it to run on peanut oil. However, in the other(a) 1900s petroleum based fuels were considered easier and cheaper to manufacture and the diesel engine was qualifyed to run on a petroleum based fuel, (that later became his namesake).Diesel engines utilize high compression and are inherently more energy efficient than gasoline engines. A recent analysis by RAND Corporation, a not for profit institution that studies challenges facing society, found that of the most common alternative fuels available, that a conventionally powered diesel car provides the greatest benefit to consumers and to society. They found that advanced diesel engines provide a slight edge over gas-electric hybrids and both diesels and hybrids were significantly better than ethanol, mainly due to the high cost and resource- intensive elbow room of producing and transporting ethanol.8 The Advantages of Biodiesel. The benefits of bio based fuels are numerous. Most notably, they are significantly less pollutive than petroleum diesel. In a study conducted by the Environmental Protection Agency in 2002, they found biodiesel to have 67% less unburned hydrocarbons, 48% less carbon monoxide, 47% less particulate matter, 100% less sulfates and 50% less ozone smog than conventional petroleum based diesel. They did however find a 10% increase in NoX, (Nitrous Oxide), emissions.A life cycle study on Green House Gas emissions per mile by Harvard University in 2001 found that cars powered by biodiesel, (BD100), produced the lowest emissions. Another advantage to biodiesel is that it is a renewable and sustainable fuel made from plants and animal fats. So long as on that point is the ability to grow plants and animals, there is the opportunity to make biodiesel. Studies have also found that biodiesel has better lubricating capabilities than conventional diesel fuel, which contributes to increased engine life. Use of biodiesel reduces our reliance on foreign countries and places greater reliance on American farmers.Lastly, from a practical perspective, there is no expensive infrastructure rollout necessary to make biodiesel work. It will function in any conventional diesel 9 engine that currently uses petroleum based diesel fuel with no problems and can even be immingle with petroleum diesel without harm. The Disadvantages of Biodiesel Unfortunately, biodiesel retains some of the physical characteristics of its source material, most problematic being its narrow temperature range. Most plant oils and animal fats gel or coagulate at more or less 50 degrees Fahrenheit.Even after processing out the glycerin, biodiesel will gel at around 32 degrees Fahrenheit, w hich means it can only be used in warm climates, can only be used in the summer, or if it is to be used year round, it must be blended with kerosene or diesel fuel to retain some of the latters cold run capabilities. Another disadvantage to biodiesel is that it can only be used in a diesel engine. Currently, less than 2% of the cars in the U. S. have diesel engines. The majority of cars and light trucks in the U. S. are powered by gasoline. Until the diesel engine makes a comeback in the U.S passenger car market, its use is limited to large trucks and heavy equipment. Worth noting too, is that biodiesel, though significantly cleaner than petroleum diesel, is still not environmentally perfect. Until a cleaner fuel source, like hydrogen, whose emissions are water and oxygen, become commercially and practically available, this is the best that is currently available. As stated earlier, biodiesel is made from plant oils and animal fats. If farm crops are diverted from man consumption in favor of fuel production, then biodiesel can raise the expenses of soy and rapseed in much the same way that ethanol increased the price of corn.However, unlike ethanol, biodiesel can be made from waste oil after it has made its way through the viands supply. In this way, (and unlike ethanol), biodiesel can convert a waste product instead of decreasing a food supply. Another weakness to biodiesel is its lore as a commodity. Commodities compete solely on the basis of price. As the price of petroleum based diesel drops, biodiesel makes little to no economic sense. 10 Biodiesel is not free. Even in instances where it is made from food waste or byproducts, there is still a conversion cost and that cost often exceeds the price of petroleum diesel.At best, on a commercial scale, biodiesel is a break even business, which is of little interest to the investment community. Biodiesel production centers exist largely though financial assistance from the organisation. For this reason, al most all large scale biodiesel production centers are not-for- profit oriented, or exist solely to service municipal vehicles. Making it Personal The most successful application of biodiesel appears to come from home create from raw stuffers people like me who have crafted processors in their garages and basements and make biodiesel from waste vegetable oil collected from the dumpsters behind restaurants and schools.For this group, biodiesel is largely a hobby, supported by a grass roots community who are frugal, environmentally conscious, interested in renewable energy, and making a political statement. They make biodiesel in much the same way that people home brew wine or beer for personal consumption. Ironically, the only obstacle to this group seems to be the U. S. government. Uncle Sam has green ideas of his own. In the US, Federal and State fuel taxes combined can make up as much as 15% to 20% of the total fuel price paid at the pump. When a home brewer makes biodiesel, no r oad taxes are paid.There have been numerous instances of biodieselers being threatened by the government with fines and imprisonment. Legislation surrounding biodiesel production for home consumption is still unclear. In Conclusion Biodiesel production has increased dramatically in the past 5 years, with annual production rising from 5 million gallons in 2001 to an estimated 500 million gallons in 2007. However, this is not even a drop in the bucket when compared to the 840 million gallons of oil the U. S. consumes PER DAY There are simply not enough plant oils and animal fats on earth to sustain the U. S. s 11 current level of demand.A long term declaration must include some way to decrease consumption. References United States Environmental Protection Agency, A comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions, October 2002 CNW Marketing Research Inc, 2007 Dust to Dust The Energy Cost of New Vehicles from Concept to Disposal. www. cnwmr. com Wall Street Journal, Volkswagens 2009 Jetta TDI Awarded Green Car of the Year, November 20, 2008 The Rand Corporation The Benefits and Costs of New Fuels and Engines for Cars and atonic Trucks, Ryan Keefe, Jay Griffin and John Graham, November 2007, www.rand. org.The Green Motorist. com, Jetta sets Guinness Record, September 29, 2008 Harvard. edu, Report on Bus Alternatives, July 31, 2001 The Pacific Institute Hummer versus Prius Dr. Peter H. Gleick, May 2007 Effects of Biodiesel Blends on Vehicle Emissions, R. L. McCormick, A. Williams, J. Ireland, M. Brimhall, R. R. Hayes, October 2006 Energy Information Administration Official Energy Statistics from the US Government www. eia. doe. gov www. factsonfuel. org Gasoline Index 12.

Interactive video behavioral intervention Essay Example for Free

synergistic television set styleal intervention EssayRisk behaviors on youth are issues that the sociologists and psychologists regard as big deals. The youth comprises the major work force of the future yet the trends and the activities they do sometimes spew them to the verge of having complications and diseases that are transmitted through having grammatical genderual parleys. Their every day activities may lead them to something that discharge really matter especially with their health and their spirituality.Modernism and liberalism are issues that are usually faced by the youth today by which values that are regarded to be sacred before are straighta focus called passe and ofttimes treated as something for the centuries, not for the modern age. One of the issues mentioned are women engaging to pre-marital stir at a young age, and worse cases to multiple partners. Downs, Murray, et. al (2004) formulated a analyze that dealt with the behavior of females who are lik ely to commit to sexual activities involving oral and anal sex, together with the sexual intercourse itself.Their study aimed to determine some insureling factors with the behavior of women regarding sex. It provided divers(prenominal) ways of informing the women of the possible consequences of having sexual intercourse with the opposite sex. Having a number of reviews of articles, they gathered 300 sexually active females (6 months before the study started) from different places in Pittsburgh are that are still subdivided from hospitals, clinics and a teaching hospital.The authors of the study first surveyed for the participants who are free to be tested and undergo the study. Parents were also asked if they are provideing to let their daughters below 18 days become the participants of the study. According from the article, parents were more than willing to let their daughters be part of the team or the respondents. Questions that asked the motives of having sex were asked dur ing the interview. It will help the evaluators to assess the usual situations before the actual intercourse happens.The study also has its way of letting the participants choose a way that they will be best informed. In this way, they will know an idea of how they are going to control their sexual drives. The modes of the study are interactive video rationalise, a book that offers the same content as the video and brochures that offer the same topic. One video clip from www. WhatCouldYouDo. org was shown to them that portrayed a girl and a boy that depended on the concept of condom love that is often pictured as something satisfying other than the act of abstinence.Their knowledge about STD was also measured public treasury the 40 questions posted in the study, and they have a percentage of 65. 5% correct concepts about the matter. On the other hand, 67. 7% of them has the right knowledge about specific STD issues. Controls without the interventions were more likely to still take over in the activity while those who have had the chance to be included in the team with video intervention through randomization were reported to have self control over the next a couple of(prenominal) months.However, the study showed that knowledge of the participant regarding sexual and STD issues did not increased. It was stated in the reports that it could have been better if the control for the study did not receive any intervention to clearly see the effect of the programs in arbitrary the risk behavior of youth, specifically with the females. The study may be leading to situations by which female will not be choosing the option to have sex with their partners to express their feelings.Moreover, the intention of preventing STD in youth through some information integrated seminars and trainings are good ways in drawing down the lines in the limitations of the actions of the females, and the youth.ReferenceJulie S. Downs, Pamela J. Murray, Wandi Bruine de Bruin, Joyce Penros e, Claire Palmgren and Baruch Fischhoff. Interactive video behavioral intervention to reduce adolescent females STD risk a randomised controlled trial Social Science Medicine, Volume 59, Issue 8, October 2004, Pages 1561-1572