Law Enforcement Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law Enforcement Paper - Essay ExamplePolicing in the United States dates back to the pre-colonial closure, an era characterized by high level of immigration from European countries into the country. Immigrants from Britain formed a significant proportion of the foreigners and the United States ulterior became a British colony. This colonial relationship played a major role in the schooling of the current modern policing and common law in the United States. According to Uchida (2004), the modern features that define American internal protection such as community policing, crime prevention and hierarchical guard assertion originate from British law enforcement agencies. As early as 900 AD, Uchida (2004) notes that law enforcement in United States was the duty of every citizen. Individuals used state authorized powers to uphold order in the society, a type of policing which handcart (1977, p48). refers as kin police. Because there was no police, individual persons were responsibl e for security of their relatives. This type of security later developed into a formalized communal policing that was adapted from 1066 to 13th atomic number 6. The defining characteristic of policing during the period was a community-based model called frankpledge (Uchida, 2004). This model comprised of small groups, each made of nine boys above the age of dozen years. These groups were called tythings and members came from the same neighborhood Uchida (2004 p23). Each member was sworn to uphold security by protecting coadjutor citizen, apprehending criminals and taking them to court of law (Uchida, 2004). This form of security organization was compulsory in nature and was enforce by the state although the members were compensated for their work. During this period, United States was under the rule of English Monarchy and absolute loyalty was necessary. A police constable who was appointed by the local nobleman commanded a group of ten tythings (Uchida, 2004). Therefore, the c onstable was the commencement police officer with official security responsibilities beyond helping his neighbor. The tythings were grouped into bigger units of hundreds, which were then collaborated into larger units, called shires (Uchida, 2004, p25). The head of each shire was called sheriff, an appointee of the king. This form of security system disintegrated in the 13th century as result of insufficient supervision from the king (Uchida, 2004, p28). The parish constable structure took over and adapted the same system, although it gave the constable more powers than in the preceding system. The constable commanded a group of watchmen who guarded entry points and furnish of towns at night. This form of English security arrangement continued in the 17th and 18th centuries (Walker, 1977). The sheriff, constable and the watch formed the core hierarchical system of police system in the United States. The sheriff headed the police operations in a county and the governor appointed hi m. The role of sheriff included collecting taxes, arresting criminals helping subpoenas in addition to making court appearances. In big tows and cities, the night watch reported fires, detained and arrested pretend criminals, raised the alarm, maintained street lighting in addition to walking around in the towns to understand security. Constables were responsible for taking criminals to court, removing health hazards in the towns and ensuring that witnesses appeared in courts (Walker, 1977).